Author: Apex Health

  • Backpacks

    In recent years, evidence has come to light that we are placing our children at risk for debilitating muscle and joint injuries from overloaded backpacks, a staple among elementary and high school-aged kids.

    Overloaded backpacks:

    • Cause the shoulders to round, leading to poor posture later in life
    • Distort the natural curves of the spine, leading to muscle and joint strain, as well as stress the rib cage.
    • Force the child to lean forward, losing balance and risking a fall. One study found that as much as 60 percent of children experience back pain from carrying backpacks.

    Here are some backpack safety tips:

    • Tell your child to avoid carrying the backpack on one shoulder. This can cause a muscle strain from the uneven weight. When children do this, the spine often leans to the opposite side, stressing the middle back, ribs, and lower back more on one side than the other. Excessive weight on one side also pulls the neck muscles and can cause headaches as well as neck and arm pain.
    • As a rule of thumb, do not allow your child to carry a backpack that is more than 10 percent of his or her body weight.
    • Don’t allow the backpack to hang more than four inches below the waistline. This increases the weight on the shoulders, causing your child to lean forward when walking.
    • Choose backpacks with wide, padded straps that are adjustable. Make sure that backpack is snug (but not tight) against your child’s back. The shifting weight of the backpack causes strain on the child’s neck and back muscles.
  • Educational Requirements

    Education

    The educational requirements for chiropractors are similar to that of medical doctors. In general, chiropractors must complete four years of undergraduate study from one of the nation’s 17 accredited chiropractic colleges. During the first two years of study, students receive classroom and laboratory work in anatomy, physiology, public health, microbiology, pathology, and biochemistry. The final two years involve courses in manipulation and spinal adjustments, as well as clinical experience in areas that may include physical and laboratory diagnosis, neurology, orthopedics, geriatrics, physiotherapy, and nutrition, biomechanics, radiology, and natural medicine.

    Undergraduate study is followed by a one-year internship at a college clinic. Many chiropractic colleges rotate interns through hospital rounds with medical students. Many chiropractors also undertake four to five additional years of advanced or post-graduate study in a clinical area.

    After obtaining their Doctor of Chiropractic degree, chiropractors must complete at least two board exam, the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners (NBCE) exam and the board exam from the state in which they practice.

    Credentials

    All 50 states license Doctors of Chiropractic to practice. All chiropractors must meet certain requirements, including:

    • Completion of a four- or five-year chiropractic college course of study at an accredited program leading to the Doctor of Chiropractic degree.
    • Satisfactory completion of board exams.
    • Ongoing continuing education courses or programs offered by accredited chiropractic programs and institutions, as well as chiropractic associations.

    Chiropractors also are able to obtain certification in such areas as orthopedics, neurology, sports injuries, occupational and industrial health, nutrition, diagnostic imaging, thermography, spinal rehabilitation, and internal disorders.

  • Gardening

    • Make sure your body is properly conditioned when doing outside work. Warmed-up muscles will be less likely to tighten up or snap when under the strains of bending, pulling, pushing, reaching, or stooping. You can warm up by taking a brisk walk or doing simple stretching exercises, such as knee-to-chest pulls, trunk rotations, and side bends with hands above your head and fingers locked.
    • Always carry objects close to your body, near your center of gravity. This minimizes the strain to your lower back and neck.
    • Change positions if you’re involved in doing a task such as kneeling or sitting. This will improve your circulation and mobility. Don’t overdo it. Alternate between several tasks to keep yourself alert, and take regular rest breaks.
    • Let your arms, legs and thighs, not your back, do the work when lifting heavy items, such as bags of mulch or dirt. Bend and straighten at the knees instead of your back and hips. Never pick up a load that causes you to grunt – this is your body telling you that you’re overdoing it.
    • The longer the handle on your garden tools, the greater leverage you have and the less force and twisting motions you need to perform routine tasks. Imagine having to rake leaves with a six-inch handle. The longer the handle, the less work and strain. This is especially true for chores involving raking, digging, pushing, and mowing. When doing ground-level chores, such as weeding or planting, do not repeatedly bend over. Rather, get close to the ground by either kneeling or sitting (foam pads or small benches are made especially for these kinds of chores). When doing prolonged tasks, such as raking, hoeing, or digging, frequently switch hands. This helps to maximize the amount of energy reserves you use in muscles on both sides of your body.
    • Repetitive motion on one side of your body can lead to serious problems, such as muscle spasms in the neck, shoulder, and lower back. When you stand up after crouching or kneeling for a long period of time, do so slowly and gently to avoid muscle pulls or even joint dislocations. Straighten your legs at the knees, and do not lift your torso at the waist.
  • Pilates

    Pilates is an exercise program named after Joseph Pilates, who developed an exercise program in the early-20th century to improve the physical fitness of World War I soldiers. Pilates incorporated resistance into programs for rehabilitating injured patients. He later incorporated springs into exercise machines, which became the foundation of the famous Pilates equipment used today.

    Pilates centers on rehabilitating and strengthening key muscles involved in posture. At the heart of the Pilates program is the belief that keeping the spine in its natural, or neutral, position can help mitigate and even prevent back pain. Key components of the Pilates exercise system include:

    • A mental focus intended to improve movement efficiency and muscle control
    • Awareness of the importance of keeping the spine neutral
    • Breathing techniques that promote mental focusing and centering
    • Strengthening deep back and abdominal muscles to support posture

    The Pilates equipment uses springs to create resistance. At the heart of the Pilates system is a device called the “Reformer” that consists of a sliding platform anchored at one end of its frame with springs. The platform is moved by either pulling on ropes or pushing off from a stationary bar. A second Pilates device, called the “Cadillac” consists of a padded base, over which a frame-like structure is suspended with bars, straps, and other accessories hanging down. A third Pilates device, called the Wunda Chair, is a small bench that uses a bar attached with springs. Exercises are done by pushing on the bar while either sitting or standing on the bench, or standing or lying on the floor.

  • Snow Shoveling

    As far as household chores are concerned, snow shoveling is one of the most stressful and traumatic household chores you can do to your spinal cord and muscles.

    When shoveling, consider these tips:

    • Make sure your body is properly conditioned before donning your winter coat and grabbing your snow shovel. Warmed-up muscles will be less likely to tighten up or snap when under the strains of snow shoveling. You can warm up by taking a brisk walk or doing simple stretching exercises, such as knee-to-chest pulls, trunk rotations, and side bends with hands above your head and fingers locked.
    • Layer your clothing to keep from overheating. This helps to keep your muscles warm, and flexible.
    • Stand erect and push the snow straight ahead, avoid lifting and tossing heavy loads of snow. And especially avoid twisting when holding a shovel full of heavy snow. Bend at your knees, not your waist, to lift when shoveling.
    • Rest frequently to take the strain off your muscles.
    • Try to stand as erect as possible.
  • Chiropractic Principles

    When all of your body’s inter-related systems, including your musculoskeletal, nervous and vascular systems are in balance and functioning properly, your body possesses a remarkable knack for healing itself. This state is called homeostasis.

    Stress, accidents, sports injuries, even overexertion, can cause your spine to fall out of its natural alignment. When this happens, your nervous system ceases to function properly, and this could lead to back and neck pain, headaches, and other kinds of problems. Moreover, many types of pain and disease can be linked to problems with your spinal cord and nervous system. It is this “mind-body” connection that forms the tenet of the principles under which chiropractors practice their healing art.

    The two major, underlying principles are:

    1. The structure and condition of the body influence how it functions and heals.
    2. The mind-body relationship is essential in maintaining health and healing.

    Put another way:

    1. Your body’s functions are all interrelated, and its ability to heal is contingent on these interrelationships.
    2. A healthy body comes from a healthy nervous system, especially a healthy spine.

    Chiropractors believe in a holistic approach to patient care by focusing on a patient’s total wellness, or well being, instead of specific diseases, or ailments. It is this intricate physiological and biochemical interrelationship among various parts of your body, including its spinal, musculoskeletal, neurological, and vascular system, that chiropractors dedicate themselves to exploring and treating, with special attention to nutrition, exercise, and healthy emotional and environmental relationships. When one or more of these systems is impaired, your body ceases to function normally and your resistance to disease is compromised.

  • History of Chiropractic

    For centuries scientists, physicians, and even philosophers have long believed that the body’s spinal cord is at the root of many ailments that have nothing to do with back or neck pain.

    But the birth of the chiropractic profession was not to occur until the late-19th century September 18, 1895, to be exact in the small offices of the Palmer Cure & Infirmary in Davenport, Iowa.

    Late that day, Canadian-born Daniel David Palmer was in his office trying to have a conversation with the building’s janitor, Harvey Lillard.

    Palmer noticed that Lillard was nearly deaf, and asked the man what caused him to lose his hearing. Lillard didn’t know but told Palmer his hearing began diminishing after a back injury he sustained while stooping in a cramped position. Lillard remembered hearing a “pop” in his back and suffered hearing loss for years after that.

    It was a revelation that capped what Palmer had long suspected an indubitable connection between the spine and disease that misalignment of the spinal column interferes with normal nerve function, and thus, leads to a host of maladies. Palmer suspected that if he were able to return the popped vertebrae in Lillard’s back to its original position, it would also restore his hearing. Using a technique called the “spinous process,” Palmer gently repositioned the vertebra with a firm thrust.

    Lillard’s hearing began to return. Over the next week, Palmer continued his spinal manipulation treatment on Lillard; each day his hearing gradually improved. Palmer coined a term for his new technique: chiropractic from the Greek words chiro, meaning hand, and practic, meaning practice. He dedicated his practice from that point forward to the use of the new therapy.

    In the ensuing months, Palmer treated flu, sciatica, migraine headaches, stomach complaints, epilepsy, and heart trouble with adjustments he called “hand treatments all without the use of drugs, medications, or surgery.

    Despite Palmer’s early successes, chiropractic adjustments were not readily accepted by the medical community. Palmer was later indicted for practicing medicine without a license and was sentenced to 105 days in jail and ordered to pay a $350 fine.

    Palmer is the author of two well-known books: The Science of Chiropractic (1906) and The Chiropractor’s Adjuster (1910). He died in 1913 at the age of 68 in Los Angeles.

    His son, Bartlett Joshua, carried on his father’s work and was instrumental in getting chiropractic recognized as a licensed profession.

    In the 20th century, the chiropractic profession grew into a respected branch of the healing arts, largely through research and recognition by the government and medical community. Here are some milestones:

    • The American Chiropractic Association was founded in 1922 and merged with the Universal Chiropractors Association to form the National Chiropractic Association (NCA) in 1930.
    • In 1944, the Chiropractic Research Foundation (CRF) was created by the National Chiropractic Association to promote and obtain research funding.
    • In the 1960s, the National Chiropractic Association once again became the American Chiropractic Association (ACA) and the CRF became the Foundation for Accredited Chiropractic Education, whose main purpose was to assist chiropractic colleges in gaining accreditation.
    • In 1974, the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare recognized the Council on Chiropractic Education (CCE), and the Foundation for Accredited Chiropractic Education was reorganized as the Foundation of Chiropractic Education and Research (FCER).
    • In 1975, the U.S. Department of Health Education and Welfare sponsored a research conference on spinal manipulation, an event that raised awareness of the need for research. Out of that, the Chiropractic Research Council (CRC) was born to assimilate research directors from the nation’s chiropractic colleges.
    • In 1979, the Foundation of Chiropractic Education and Research expanded its research program and established a competitive scientific review process for submitted proposals.
    • Today, 14 English peer-reviewed chiropractic journals routinely publish the results of chiropractic research.
  • Adjustments

    Adjustments

    Chiropractic adjustments have been shown to be a safe and effective alternative treatment for pain and injury.

    Chiropractors perform 95 percent of all adjustments in the world to correct the subluxations, or misalignments, of the vertebrae in the spine. Chiropractic adjustments are performed by applying gentle, yet firm pressure to a bone. The goal of any adjustment is to restore the bone to its natural, or original, position. The important thing to remember is the act the adjustment frees not forces a vertebra to allow it to find its natural position. This is accomplished by the body’s innate intelligence.

    Chiropractic adjustments are performed to treat a wide variety of conditions, including (but not limited to):

    • Arthritis
    • Bursitis
    • Carpal tunnel syndrome and other repetitive strain disorders
    • Chronic muscle pain and stiffness
    • Headaches
    • Most musculoskeletal and sports-related injuries
    • Nerve disorders
    • Pain and stiffness in the back, chest, abdomen, neck, hips and shoulders, as well as extremities, such as arms, legs, and feet
    • Sciatica pain
    • Scoliosis
    • Tendonitis
    • Whiplash and other traumatic injuries

    Adjustments can be performed while sitting, standing, or lying down. Some adjustments involve special instruments or tables.

    Some common adjustment techniques include:

    • Instrument adjustments, which involve a spring-loaded device.
    • Lumbar roll, in which the chiropractor applies a firm, yet quick thrust to a misaligned vertebra while the patient lies on his or her side.
    • Motion palpation, a hand technique the chiropractor uses to determine if your vertebrae are properly aligned.
    • Release work, in which the chiropractor uses gentle pressure with the fingers to separate the vertebrae.
    • Table adjustments, which entail lying on a specially designed table that drops when pressure is applied to a specific area. The dropping motion allows more gentle adjustments than some manual adjustments do.
    • Toggle drop, which entails firm pressure applied on a specific area of the spine by using crossed hands.

    Chiropractors take many factors including size, weight, and muscle structure into consideration when deciding on which adjustment to make. Sometimes, ice, electrical stimulation, or massage therapy (including traction massage) are used prior to a spinal manipulation in order to relax the muscles.

    In some cases, it may necessary to perform an adjustment while you are sedated.

    Spinal manipulation under anesthesia, which is considered a very safe procedure, is usually reserved for patients with conditions such as chronic neck, back, and joint pain, muscle spasm, shortened muscles, and fibrous adhesions.

    Another form of adjustment called craniosacral therapy, or “CST,” involves exerting very mild pressure to the body’s craniosacral system, which is comprised of the membranes and cerebrospinal fluid that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. This includes cranium which is composed of the skull, face and mouth, and the “sacrum,” or tailbone.

    CST has been shown to provide relief from chronic neck and back pain, scoliosis, brain and spinal cord injuries, migraines, chronic fatigue, nervous system disorders, jaw joint problems, and stress disorders. (Conditions such as aneurysm and intracranial hemorrhage prohibit this kind of therapy.)

    Adjustments almost always do not involve any pain or discomfort. The important thing for a patient to keep in mind is to remain relaxed, because stiffening up may impede the adjustment process. Popping sounds are sometimes heard during adjustments; these are usually pockets of air being released behind a joint or other bony structure.

    Adjustments can leave you with a greater sense of well-being, calm, and most importantly, on the road to a life without pain. Following an adjustment, some patients experience mild aching or soreness in their spinal joints or muscles, which can usually be relieved by an ice or heat pack.

    Adjustments have been shown to:

    • Increase blood flow
    • Increase pain tolerance levels
    • Increase range of motion
    • Increase the body’s secretion of “good” chemicals, such as melatonin and endorphins
    • Reduce blood pressure
    • Reduce tension and muscle pressure
  • Beds, Mattresses, and Sleep

    Since most of us spend at least a third of our lives lying down, a good quality mattress goes a long way in avoiding a whole host of musculoskeletal problems later in life. In addition, a quality mattress will help you get a good night’s sleep, which most health practitioners agree is essential to a well-balanced, healthy life physically and emotionally.

    A quality mattress allows you to maintain the same natural spinal alignment that you have while standing. It can be an innerspring, foam, flotation (waterbed), or air mattress. The most important thing is choosing a mattress that offers you the most support and comfort.

    Mattress criteria

    • Comfort Before buying a mattress, “test drive” it by laying down on it in several positions you normally sleep in. It will pay dividends down the road and help ensure that your spine’s natural curve is supported. “Orthopedic” mattresses are generally a marketing gimmick and nothing more.
    • Durability This criterion applies both to the “guts” of the mattress as well as its covering. Ensure that the manufacturer guarantees the mattress at least 8 to 10 years.
    • Firmness Softness and firmness are generally a matter of personal preference and have little to do with a good night’s sleep or avoiding back problems. Overly firm mattresses don’t support the body evenly, while overly soft mattresses tend to sag, preventing your spine from maintaining its proper alignment.
    • Foundation The foundation, or box spring, absorbs the brunt of the stress and weight of your mattress and helps extend the useful life of your mattress. It is advisable to buy a new box spring when you replace your old mattress, and ensure that the box spring, or foundation, is suited for the type of mattress you are buying.

    Replace your bed if:

    • The mattress is worn a frayed, or the box spring creaks.
    • The mattress sags, is out of shape or doesn’t return to its shape after you lie down on it.
    • You are constantly waking up sore or irritable, which could be a sign that your body isn’t getting the support it needs during sleep.

    Best sleep positions

    Believe it or not, the position in which you sleep can make a big difference in your waking disposition, and help you avoid skeletal, muscular, or nerve problems down the road.

    Here’s why: One of the best positions is on your side, with knees slightly bent and a pillow between your knees. Place a pillow under your knees if you are a back sleeper; this helps maintain the curve in your lower back. If you are a stomach sleeper and sleep with your head on an oversized pillow, it sometimes forces your lower back to curve excessively, putting pressure on your diaphragm and lungs.

  • Common Myths

    In spite of its long recognition by the medical community and the government as a safe, proven, and effective treatment, many people today still have misconceptions about chiropractic care.

    Daniel David Palmer, who is known as the father of chiropractic, bore the brunt of criticism for creating this branch of medicine’s healing arts. Despite Palmer’s early successes in treating patients with a myriad of ailments through spinal manipulation, chiropractic adjustments were not readily accepted by the medical community. In fact, the established medical community back in the late-19th century worked hard to discredit him, and had a hand in convincing authorities to indict Palmer for practicing medicine without a license. They eventually succeeded and in 1905 Palmer was sentenced to 105 days in jail and ordered to pay a $350 fine.

    The established medical community’s assault on the chiropractic profession continued even as late as the 1970s, when a group of chiropractors sued the American Medical Association (AMA) and several other medical organizations for disseminating untrue and damaging information about their profession. The plaintiffs alleged that the AMA and others deliberately lied in order to destroy the chiropractic held because they viewed it as a threat, or competition, for their health-care dollars. The court agreed with the chiropractors and called the AMA’s actions “lawless” and unfounded. The case was eventually heard in the United States Supreme Court, which upheld the original verdict against the AMA.

    Much has changed since that landmark decision, and today, the medical community has come to recognize the value of chiropractic care.

    Today, hundreds of thousands of patients routinely receive competent care – and relief from their suffering – from the nation’s more than 60,000 doctors of chiropractic.

    Here’s a look at some of the more common misconceptions about chiropractic care.

    Myth #1: Chiropractors treat back pain and little else.

    Nothing could be further from the truth.

    While chiropractic adjustments can be especially helpful in relieving pain for facet joint injuries, osteoarthritis, and sacroiliac joint dysfunction, scores of patients with chronic headaches, sinus problems, high blood pressure, ear infections, leg pain, arthritis, and many other illnesses have reported significant relief after chiropractic therapy. Chiropractors do more than manipulate the musculoskeletal parts of the body, and are capable of providing a myriad of services that include acupuncture, electric muscle stimulation, exercise programs and instruction, heat/cold therapy, herbal therapy, lifestyle and nutrition counseling, manipulation under anesthesia, massage, physical rehabilitation, physiotherapy, stress management, traction, and ultrasound.

    Myth #2: Chiropractors prescribe medications to relieve pain and perform surgery, when needed.

    Chiropractors believe that many ailments can be corrected if the body’s interrelated bone, nerve and vascular systems are in balance, allowing the body to heal itself. A branch of the healing arts concerned with disease processes, chiropractic care is a recognized form of therapy that focuses on improving your overall health and well being without the use of drugs or surgery.

    Myth #3: Those who undergo spinal manipulation are at high risk of injury.

    In general, proper chiropractic treatment of your body’s lumbar, or lower back, region involves very little risk, and the rewards can be significant. In fact, a recent study by the Rand Corporation found that a serious adverse reaction from cervical (neck) manipulation might occur less than once in 1 million treatments. The American Chiropractic Association believes slimmer about one in every 2 million treatments the same odds of dying in a commercial airline crash. A more recent article in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found only a 1-in-5.85 million risk that a chiropractic adjustment of the neck may result in vertebral artery dissection.

    Myth #4: Chiropractors are not viewed as being in the medical mainstream.

    The medical community today formally recognizes the value of chiropractic care, and medical doctors routinely acknowledge chiropractic care as a conservative treatment option for patients with lower back pain. Moreover, many medical doctors recognize a chiropractic diagnosis and accept it as the first line of treatment for functional disorders of the entire musculoskeletal system.

    The prestigious Texas Back Institute (TBI), the largest freestanding spine specialty clinic in the country, once included only surgeons and other medical doctors among its staff. In the late 1980s, TBI hired its first doctor of chiropractic. Today, close to half of TBI’s patients see a chiropractor first when beginning their treatment.

    The National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, Maryland, and the successful Complementary and Alternative Medicine Center at the National Institutes of Health have established chiropractic internship programs.

    Myth #5: Chiropractic care is generally unsafe and ineffective.

    Numerous studies throughout the world have shown that chiropractic treatment, including manipulative therapy and spinal adjustment, is both safe and effective for back pain.

    In 1994, the federal Agency for Health Care Policy and Research published its Clinical Practice Guidelines, which asserted that spinal manipulation was effective in reducing pain and speeding recovery among patients with acute low back symptoms without radiculopathy (nerve roots exit the spine and enter the body; if one of these roots is sick or injured in the area where it leaves the spine, it is called radiculopathy). A 1996 study published in the journal Spine echoed that study and found that patients who sought chiropractic care were more likely to feel that treatment was helpful, more likely to be satisfied with their care, and less likely to seek care from another provider for the same condition, compared to those who sought care from medical doctors.

    Myth #6: Cervical manipulation can cause a stroke.

    A 2003 study published in the journal Neurology asserted that chiropractic treatments were the culprit in a patient’s stroke, claiming that a cervical adjustment led to a vertebral artery dissection (VAD). According to the American Chiropractic Association (ACA), the study is fraught with design flaws and needlessly alarms the public about a safe and effective form of treatment for neck pain and headaches. The ACA claims that VAD is a rare type of stroke associated with many other commonplace activities, such as talking on the telephone, swimming, stargazing, overhead work, hair shampooing, and even sleeping. In fact, according to the ACA, a recent biomechanical study found that the forces transmitted to the artery during cervical manipulation are less than one-ninth the force necessary to stretch or otherwise damage a normal vertebral artery.

    “Based upon this study and other recent evidence, many experts now believe that it is physically impossible for a competently performed neck manipulation or adjustment, as provided by a trained doctor of chiropractic, to cause a vertebral artery dissection unless the artery already has a significant pre-existing weakness,” according to the ACA.